Azan is one of the signs and important provisions of Islam.
The sound of the call to prayer five times a day from the minaret of the mosque
enthralls the people. Many Bani Adam find peace by taking refuge in the cool
shade of Islam after being mesmerized by the melody of Azan.
Azan Definition -
Literal Meaning :-
Calling, Hearing. The word Adhan occurs in total five places
in the Quran.
Terminological
definition : -
The call to prayer in a loud voice at the appointed time
through Sharia prescribed Arabic sentences is called Adhan. In 1 Hijri, the
call to prayer came into use. Azan is one of the signs and important rules of
Islam.
Azan is the best way
to call people for prayer. After hearing the call to prayer, people leave all
their busyness and rush to pray.
وَقَوْلُهُ
عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: (وَإِذَا نَادَيْتُمْ إِلَى
الصَّلاَةِ اتَّخَذُوهَا هُزُوًا وَلَعِبًا ذَلِكَ
بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لاَ يَعْقِلُونَ)
وَقَوْلُهُ: (إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلاَةِ
مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ
Allah's Word: When you call to prayer, they (the
polytheists) mock and joke about it. That is because they are a people who do
not understand"
(Surah Al-Ma'ida: 58)
Allah Almighty also said: And when the call to prayer is
made on the day of Friday.... (Surah Jumu'ah: 9)
Announcement of Azan :-
1) Proclaiming the
Greatness of Allah Ta'ala
2) Proclaiming the
Oneness of Allah,
3) Giving testimony
to the Messenger (PBUH) and praising him.
4) Calling for
welfare and success.
Many non-Muslims fell in love with Islam after hearing this
adhan and blessed their lives by accepting Islam.
When does the Azan
begin : -
There is some difference of opinion regarding when and where
the Azan begins.
That is: -
1) Gabriel (A.S.) gave Azan and Iqamat in Masjid al-Aqsa on
the first night of Meraj. There Rasool (pbuh) prayed with all the Prophets.
(Majmouz Jawaid: 1/328)
2) Azan was practiced in Mecca before Hijra.
(Hashiatu Ibn Abidin: 1/413)
3) After the construction of the Prophet's Mosque, the Prophet (PBUH) started the call to prayer in Medina in the 1st Hijri. This view is more popular.
(Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah: 1/190)
4) After the change of Qibla in the second Hijri, the call to prayer began.
(Fathul Bari: 2/62
How the call to
prayer is performed : -
Imran Ibn Maisara (RA) narrated from Anas (RA), who said,
The Sahaba-e-Kiram (RA) discussed lighting a fire or blowing the naqoos (to
assemble for prayer). Again these are referred to as the practices of the Jews
and the Nazarenes (respectively).
Then Belal (RA) was
instructed to say the words of Adhaan twice and the words of Iqamat oddly.
Abu Umayr Ibn Anas
(RA) narrated from one of his Ansari uncles, "The Messenger (PBUH) was
concerned about how to gather the people for prayer. Seeing this, some of the
Companions suggested that a flag should be raised when it was time for prayer.
Let it be. Seeing that, they will inform each other about the prayer." But
this was not liked by the Prophet (PBUH).
Some suggested that
the trumpet should be sounded. The Prophet (PBUH) did not like that either.
Because it was the custom of the Jews. And when some suggested ringing the
bell, the Prophet (PBUH) said, "That is the custom of the Nasarads."
Among the Companions
present was a Companion named Abdullah Ibn Zayd (RA). He took the thoughts of
the Prophet (PBUH) in mind and left there. Then (from Allah) he was taught the
call to prayer in a dream. The narrator said, the next morning he came to the
Prophet (PBUH) and informed him of the matter and said, O Messenger of Allah, I
was in a somewhat drowsy state. At that time a stranger came and taught me the
Azan and (Iqamat). Rasul (pbuh) said, Belal! Arise, and do as Abdullah ibn Zayd
directs you. Then Belal (RA) gave the call to prayer.
(Abu Dawud, Hadith:
498
The real story of
Azan tradition : -
After the completion of the construction of Masjid
an-Nababi, a consultation meeting was held. How will the worshipers be called
to the five times prayer? The purpose of the consultation meeting is to fix
this procedure. Different people gave different suggestions. Could not reach
any conclusion. The meeting adjourned without a decision.
Later in the same night, 11 Companions dreamed of Azan. The
next day Abdullah Ibn Zayd Radiyallahu Anhu came first and told the Holy
Prophet about the dream.
He ordered Belal, who had a loud voice, to give the call to
prayer.
Hearing the sound of adhan, Umar ran and said to the Prophet
(PBUH), "By Allah, I have seen the same dream". Hearing this, the
Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said, "All praise is due
to Allah."
Provision of Azan at times other than Namaz :-
Basically the
provision of Azan was introduced to announce during Namaz. Generally, there is
no provision to give adhan without prayer. However, in the hadith, there is a
provision of giving adhan at two times apart from prayer.
1) Adhan in the right
ear and Iqamat in the left ear of the newborn. On the authority of Abu Rafi
(RA), he said, When Hasan Ibn Ali (RA) was born, I saw the Messenger of Allah
(PBUH) call to his ears.
(Tirmidhi, Hadith:
1514)
2) If Jinn Bad-Ashr
falls on someone then Azan can be given. On the authority of Abu Hurairah (RA),
he said, Rasulullah (SAW) said, If you are under the influence of jinn or
Bad-Ashr, then call the Adhan. Because when Satan hears Azan, he runs away.
(Tabrani, Hadith: 7436)
Conclusion : -
The turbulent people in the dangerous world are running
astray in the hope of peace. The call of the Azan from the minaret of the
mosque, "Rush to goodness" is giving people a direction of peace. May
the beautiful words of the call to prayer be uttered in every corner of the
world. Let every person find the truth and run to the cool shade of Islam.
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